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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2014 Nov 20;120:125–132. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2014.11.008

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Transmembrane topology of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) α-subunit showing the locations of the three amino acid substitutions, which result from point mutations in the human head louse VSSC α-subunit gene, responsible for nerve insensitivity and knockdown (kdr)-type resistance. Modified from Fig. 26A from http://www.bio.miami.edu/tom/courses/bil360/bil360goods/07_actionpot.html