Table 3.
Outcome data (mortality) comparing HIV-positive and -negative patients with acute kidney injury (Reference group HIV-negative and alive patients)
| Variables | HIV-positive and alive patients |
HIV-negative and deceased patients |
HIV-positive and deceased patients |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P- value | OR (95% CI) | P- value | OR (95% CI) | P- value | |
| Age (years) | 0.98 (0.94; 1.01) | 0.24 | 1.03 (>1.00; 1.06) | 0.023** | 0.98 (0.94; 1.02) | 0.27 |
| Gender (female as reference) Male | 0.38 (0.08; 1.95) | 0.25 | 0.25 (0.05; 1.25) | 0.092* | 0.24 (0.03; 2.03) | 0.19 |
| Race (non-Black as reference) | ||||||
| Black | – | – | 2.78 (1.03; 7.45) | 0.04** | 0.23 (0.03; 2.03) | 0.19 |
| Diabetes | 0.41 (0.04; 3.84) | 0.43 | 3.00 (0.85; 10.60) | 0.09* | – | – |
| Aetiology (none as reference groups) | ||||||
| Sepsis | 1.71 (0,70; 4.39) | 0.26 | 1.06 (0.46; 2.44) | 0.89 | 2.76 (0.95; 7.98) | 0.06* |
| Haemodynamic instability | 1.18 (0.37; 3.76) | 0.78 | 0.72 (0.23; 2.23) | 0.57 | 0.96 (0.26; 3.55) | 0.96 |
| Urological obstruction | 1.03 (0.23; 4.69) | 0.97 | 0.43 (0.08; 2.34) | 0.43 | 0.41 (0.04; 3.73) | 0.45 |
| Miscellaneous | 0.45 (0.11; 1.82) | 0.27 | 1.35 (0.51; 3.59) | 0.55 | 0.38 (0.76; 1.9) | 0.24 |
| Dialysis | 0.47 (0.17; 1.31) | 0.15 | 0.78 (0.33; 1.83) | 0.56 | 1.4 (0.51; 3.86) | 0.52 |
| Sodium | 0.92 (0.86; 0.99) | 0.018** | 1.05 (>1.00; 1.10) | 0.06* | 0.92 (0.85; 0.99) | 0.018** |
| Potassium | 1.31 (0.91; 1.90) | 0.15 | 0.86 (0.60; 1.23) | 0.41 | 1.17 (0.78; 1.76) | 0.44 |
| Chloride | 0.96 (0.91; 1.01) | 0.11 | 1.03 (0.99; 1.08) | 0.10* | 0.98 (0.93; 1.03) | 0.46 |
| CO2 | 0.93 (0.86; 1.01) | 0.07* | 1.06 (1.00; 1.13) | 0.06* | 0.90 (0.83; 0.98) | 0.018** |
| Urea (admission) | 1.02 (>1.00; 1.05) | 0.016** | 0.98 (0.96; 1.01) | 0.23 | 1.01 (0.99; 1.04) | 0.32 |
| Creatinine (admission) | 1.00 (1.00; >1.00) | 0.42 | 1.00 (1.00;>1.00) | 0.07* | 1.00 (1.00; >1.00) | 0.73 |
| Calcium | 0.22 (0.02; 2.75) | 0.24 | 2.08 (0.19; 22.60) | 0.54 | 0.72 (0.04; 14.37) | 0.83 |
| Phosphate | 1.96 (1.16; 3.33) | 0.012** | 1.18 (0.70; 1.99) | 0.53 | 2.36 (1.33; 4.20) | 0.003*** |
| Haemoglobin | 0.97 (0.84; 1.14) | 0.75 | 0.97 (0.84; 1.11) | 0.62 | 0.80 (0.67; 0.97) | 0.019** |
| Albumin | 0.99 (0.93; 1.05) | 0.67 | 0.99 (0.93; 1.05) | 0.64 | 0.94 (0.88; 1.02) | 0.13 |
| Urine P:C | 0.58 (0.06; 5.99) | 0.65 | 0.41 (0.02; 7.32) | 0.54 | 0.55 (0.32; 9.49) | 0.68 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Univariate multinomial logistic regression: *Signifying a trend (P > 0.05–0.1), **statistically significance P > 0.01–0.05, ***greater statistically significance P < 0.01.