Table 1.
Causes of troponin elevation
| System | Causes of troponin elevation |
| Cardiovascular | Acute aortic dissection |
| Arrhythmia | |
| Medical ICU patients | |
| Hypotension | |
| Heart failure | |
| Apical ballooning syndrome | |
| Cardiac inflammation | |
| Endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis | |
| Hypertension | |
| Infiltrative disease | |
| Amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hemochromatosis, scleroderma | |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | |
| Myocardial injury | Blunt chest trauma |
| Cardiac surgeries | |
| Cardiac procedures | |
| Ablation, cardioversion, percutaneous intervention | |
| Chemotherapy | |
| Hypersensitivity drug reactions | |
| Envenomation | |
| Respiratory | Acute PE |
| ARDS | |
| Infectious/immune | Sepsis/SIRS |
| Viral illness | |
| Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura | |
| Gastrointestinal | Severe GI bleeding |
| Nervous system | Acute stroke |
| Ischemic stroke | |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | |
| Head trauma | |
| Renal | Chronic kidney disease |
| Endocrine | Diabetes |
| Hypothyroidism | |
| Musculoskeletal | Rhabdomyolysis |
| Integumentary | Extensive skin burns |
| Inherited | Neurofibromatosis |
| Duchenne muscular dystrophy | |
| Klippel-Feil syndrome | |
| Others | Endurance exercise |
| Environmental exposure | |
| Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide |
GI: Gastrointestinal; ICU: Intensive care unit; PE: Pulmonary embolus; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; SIRS: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome.