Table 3.
Selected references reporting roles of miRNAs with a high relative recovery during cerebral microdialysis
| MiRNA | Author, year | Design/model | Tissue/material | Relation of miRNA to acute cerebral injury |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-29b | Shi et al, 2011 [7] | A: 90 min of MCA occlusion in rats (ischemia) | A: Brain tissue 24 hours after occlusion | Increased miR expression (A+B), repression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2L2, and thereby neuronal cell death (B). |
| B: Oxygen-glucose deprivation in cortical neuronal cell cultures from rats. | B: Cell suspension | Pre-treating neuronal cultures with miR-29b inhibitor decreased neuronal cell death (B) | ||
| miR-34a | Su et al, 2014 [16] | A: 15 min of MCA occlusion in mice (preconditioning) | A: Microglia extracted ex vivo after 3 days | MiR promotes CNS inflammation in microglia by suppressing transcription of the twist2 gene and thereby the anti-inflammatory gene cMaf. |
| B: Microglia cell culture from mice | B: Cell suspension | Induced by expression of p53. | ||
| Truettner et al, 2013 [15] | Stretch injury, cortical neuron cultures from rats | Cell suspension | MiR promotes apoptosis by inhibiting translation of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl2 and XIAP and increasing expression of the apoptotic cytokine Caspase 11. | |
| miR-155 | Su et al, 2014 [16] | A: 15 min of MCA occlusion in mice. (preconditioning) | A: Microglia extracted ex vivo after 3 days | Increased miR expression (A) MiR promotes CNS inflammation in microglia by suppressing the anti-inflammatory gene cMaf in microglia (A+B) |
| B: Microglial cell culture from mice | B: Cell suspension | Normal cytokine induced expression of miR-155 is suppressed in p53-deficient microglia (B). | ||
| Following treatment with INF-γ, the normal expression of IL-1α and IL-1β are suppressed in miR-155 knock out microglia cell cultures (B). | ||||
| Freilich et al, 2013 [19] | LPS stimulation, microglial cell cultures from mice pups | Cell suspension | Increased miR expression after LPS and thereby activation of several pro-inflammatory pathways. |
MCA = middle cerebral artery, CNS = central nervous system, LPS = lipopolysaccharide.