Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Pneumonia |
Sepsis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 82 (77–87) | 78 (72–83) | 81 (75–86) | 76 (71–82) |
| n (col %) | n (col %) | n (col %) | n (col %) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 1231 (53.0) | 1106 (42.0) | 294 (55.7) | 268 (45.7) |
| Onset prior to 1 April 2004 | 584 (25.1) | 527 (20.0) | 124 (23.5) | 120 (20.5) |
| Socio-economic status (IMD quintile)a | ||||
| 1 (least deprived) | 383 (16.5) | 438 (16.6) | 109 (20.6) | 106 (18.1) |
| 2 | 554 (23.8) | 595 (22.6) | 116 (22.0) | 127 (21.7) |
| 3 | 494 (21.3) | 582 (22.1) | 120 (22.7) | 137 (23.4) |
| 4 | 502 (21.6) | 574 (21.8) | 110 (20.8) | 108 (18.4) |
| 5 (most deprived) | 391 (16.8) | 444 (16.9) | 73 (13.8) | 108 (18.4) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current | 321 (13.8) | 549 (20.9) | 70 (13.3) | 103 (17.6) |
| Ex-smoker | 1185 (51.0) | 1351 (51.3) | 235 (44.5) | 284 (48.5) |
| Non-smoker | 776 (33.4) | 698 (26.5) | 207 (39.2) | 193 (32.9) |
| Missing | 42 (1.8) | 35 (1.3) | 16 (3.0) | 6 (1.0) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Chronic lung disease | 503 (21.6) | 686 (26.1) | 59 (11.2) | 95 (16.2) |
| Hypertension | 1623 (69.8) | 1662 (63.1) | 372 (70.5) | 381 (65.0) |
| Congestive heart failure | 734 (31.6) | 430 (16.3) | 147 (27.8) | 95 (16.2) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 966 (41.6) | 887 (33.7) | 223 (42.2) | 207 (35.3) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 692 (29.8) | 638 (24.2) | 152 (28.8) | 145 (24.7) |
| Other dementia | 174 (7.5) | 190 (7.2) | 42 (8.0) | 23 (3.9) |
| Cancer | 382 (16.4) | 474 (18.0) | 99 (18.8) | 120 (20.5) |
| Connective tissue disorders | 228 (9.8) | 215 (8.2) | 36 (6.8) | 52 (8.9) |
| HbA1C | ||||
| Good <7% | 1176 (50.6) | 1401 (53.2) | 251 (47.5) | 308 (52.6) |
| Borderline 7–10% | 966 (41.6) | 1033 (39.2) | 213 (40.3) | 230 (39.3) |
| Poor >10% | 108 (4.7) | 131 (5.0) | 41 (7.8) | 34 (5.8) |
| None recorded | 74 (3.2) | 68 (2.6) | 23 (4.4) | 14 (2.4) |
| Prior antidiabetes medication | ||||
| Insulin | 122 (5.3) | 126 (4.8) | 34 (6.4) | 23 (3.9) |
| Oral medications | 1139 (49.0) | 1426 (54.2) | 247 (46.8) | 312 (53.2) |
| Both | 462 (19.9) | 384 (14.6) | 130 (24.6) | 114 (19.5) |
| None | 601 (25.9) | 697 (26.5) | 117 (22.2) | 137 (23.4) |
| Total | 2324 | 2633 | 528 | 586 |
eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.
aIndex of multiple deprivation (IMD) score for patient's postcode where available, otherwise, practice-level IMD score.