Table 2.
Odds Ratios and Adjusted Odds Ratios of the Comparison Between Intervention and Control Healthcare Facilities Adjusted for Age, HIV Status, TB Retreatment, and Gender and Clustering by Healthcare Facility
| Process/Outcome Indicator | Intervention Sites (n = 10) | Control Sites (n = 2) | OR (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P Value | Sample Size for Regression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presumptive TB Cases | |||||||
| 1 Proportion of presumptive TB cases with a sputum smeara,b | 64.70% (4119/6366) | 12.66% (244/1928) | 12.65 (5.60, 28.55) | <.001 | N/A | ||
| 2 Proportion of presumptive TB cases with an HIV testa | 63.37% (4034/6366) | 5.29% (102/1928) | 30.97 (5.11, 187.94) | <.001 | N/A | ||
| 3 Proportion of smear-positive TB cases | 7.97% (433/5436) | 19.67% (48/244) | 0.35 (0.19-0.66) | <.001 | 0.39 (0.20–0.76) | .005 | 4508 |
| 4 Proportion of smear-positive new TB cases started on treatmentc | 87.76% (380/433) | 50.00% (24/48) | 7.17 (1.98, 26.03) | .003 | 7.59 (2.19, 26.33) | .001 | 478 |
| TB Patients | |||||||
| 5 Proportion of TB patients tested for HIV | 98.75% (475/481) | 97.78% (44/45) | 1.80 (0.38, 8.49) | .458 | 1.78 (0.35, 8.79) | .498 | 509 |
| 6 Proportion of TB/HIV coinfected started on ART | 66.67% (132/198) | 72.73% (8/11) | 0.75 (0.33, 1.72) | .497 | 0.77 (0.34, 1.78) | .545 | 209 |
| 7 Proportion of TB patients who are smear or bacteriologically positive | 71.73% (345/481) | 77.78% (35/45) | 0.72 (0.33, 1.59) | .380 | 0.94 (0.41, 2.18) | .888 | 517 |
| 8 Proportion of TB patients who are sputum smear negative or extrapulmonary TB cases | 10.81% (52/481) | 11.11% (5/45) | 0.97 (0.68, 1.38) | .866 | 0.73 (0.48, 1.12) | .152 | 517 |
| 9 Proportion of new TB patients who completed or cured (of all those with a treatment outcome recorded) | 42.21% (176/417) | 13.33% (6/45) | 4.74 (2.03, 11.12) | <.001 | 4.89 (2.24, 10.67) | <.001 | 453 |
| 10 Proportion of new TB patients who were lost to follow-up (of all those with a treatment outcome recorded) | 20.38% (85/417) | 86.67% (39/45) | 0.03 (0.01, 0.11) | <.001 | 0.04 (0.01, 0.09) | <.001 | 453 |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; N/A, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; TB, tuberculosis.
a For indicators 1–2, individual analysis was not possible because these indicators use 2 separate data sources that were not linked at the individual level.
b Laboratory tests conducted during outreach in the intervention arm (N = 1317) were excluded from the numerator because these patients did not have a MF5 completed.
c For proportion of smear-positive patients started on treatment, the analysis did not adjust for HIV status because missing data for this variable dropped the control arm sample size by 60% from 48 to 19.