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(a) The reference image for alignment and our primary concern is the area near the joint which is between the two horizontal lines. (b) Aligned shape stack with respect to the newly defined knee centers uϕ. (c) Aligned femur with respect to the femur center uϕ1 and tibia center uϕ2 individually (CNS model in [49]). (d) Unaligned shape stack. (e)(f) Standard deviation of aligned shape stacks with respect to (b)(c) respectively.
