Table 4.

Comparison of outcomes within participant subgroups: type 1 normotensive diabetics, type 2 normotensive or treated hypertensive diabetics, and type 2 hypertensive diabetics

Outcomes		Type 1 normotensives	Type 2 normotensives or treated hypertensives	Type 2 hypertensives
Incidence of retinopathy	Direction of effect	favors BP intervention over placebo	favors BP intervention over placebo	favors intensive BP intervention over standard BP intervention
	RR [95% CI]	0.82 [0.69 to 0.97]	0.94 [0.69 to 1.27]	0.72 [0.56 to 0.93]
	# trials (participants)	1 (1421)	1 (238)	4 (1394)
Progression of retinopathy	Direction of effect	favors placebo over BP intervention	favors BP intervention over placebo	favors intensive BP intervention over standard BP intervention
	RR [95% CI]	1.03 [0.82 to 1.29]	0.89 [0.73 to 1.08]	0.73 [0.51 to 1.06]
	# trials (participants)	1 (1905)	1 (1905)	2 (779)
Combined incidence and progression of retinopathy	Direction of effect	favors BP intervention over placebo	-	favors intensive BP intervention over standard BP intervention
	RR [95% CI]	0.82 [0.66 to 1.03]	-	0.55 [0.35 to 0.88]
	# trials (participants)	4 (2436)	0	1 (151)
Incidence of PDR/CSME	Direction of effect	favors placebo over BP intervention	neither	favors intensive BP intervention over standard BP intervention
	RR [95% CI]	1.03 [0.80 to 1.32]	1.00 [0.83 to 1.19]	0.76 [0.56 to 1.02]
	# trials (participants)	2 (2128)	1 (1905)	3 (2540)
Adverse events: all-cause mortality	Direction of effect	favors placebo over BP intervention	favors placebo over BP intervention	favors intensive BP intervention over standard BP intervention
	RR [95% CI]	1.08 [0.50 to 2.29]	1.01 [0.70 to 1.45]	0.51 [0.29 to 0.89]
	# trials (participants)	2 (3322)	2 (2382)	3 (1005)

BP: blood pressure

CI: confidence interval

CSME: clinically significant macular edema

PDR: proliferative diabetic retinopathy

RR: risk ratio