Table 2.
Baseline variables and blood pressure effects in populations of Whites, Blacks, and Asians balanced with respect to baseline blood pressure unadjusted and adjusted for sodium reduction.
| Asians (A) | Blacks (B) | Whites (W) | W (A)* | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N studies | 9 | 9 | 74 | 39 | |
| N participants | 661 | 561 | 3782 | 2779 | |
| Female % | 58 | 45 | 45 | 0.21 | |
| Mean (95% CI) | |||||
| Sodium reduction (SR) mmol | 97.89 [46.46, 149.31] | 63.16 [48.86, 77.46] | 102.91 [92.20, 113.63] | 66.12 [58.49, 73.75] | B vs. W 0.006 |
| Age, years | 52.30 [49.52, 55.08] | 46.83 [25.41, 68.25] | 43.04 [39.64, 46.44] | 49.14 [43.57, 54.70] | A vs. W: 0.03 |
| Baseline SBP, mm Hg | 138.29 [126.71, 149.87] | 132.84 [125.30, 140.37] | 133.58 [130.75, 136.41] | 137.24 [133.39, 141.09] | NS |
| Baseline DBP, mm Hg | 84.68 [78.03, 91.33] | 80.90 [75.01, 86.80] | 80.69 [78.20, 83.18] | 82.43 [79.04, 85.82] | NS |
| Baseline sodium intake | 217.48 [194.68, 240.28] | 148.70 [133.28, 164.12] | 167.67 [161.17, 174.17] | 137.43 [133.17, 141.68] | A vs. B and A vs. W: 0.00001 |
| Effect SBP, mm Hg | −3.83 [−6.35, −1.31] | −4.68 [−7.10, −2.26] | −3.24 [−4.01, −2.46] | −3.06 [−3.94, −2.18] | NS (Figure 1) |
| Effect DBP, mm Hg | −1.99 [−3.04, −0.94] | −2.99 [−3.95, −2.02] | −1.54 [−2.05, −1.03] | −1.51 [−2.04, −0.98] | B vs. W: 0.04 B vs. W (A): 0.013 (Figure 1) |
*
Sodium reduction adjusted to Blacks by elimination of all studies of Whites with SR > 90 mmol.