Table 8-3.

Estimated Prevalence of Congenital Cardiovascular Defects and Percent Distribution by Type, United States, 2002^* (in Thousands)

Type	Prevalence, n			Percent of Total
	Total	Children	Adults	Total	Children	Adults
Total	994	463	526	100	100	100
VSD†	199	93	106	20.1	20.1	20.1
ASD	187	78	109	18.8	16.8	20.6
Patent ductus arteriosus	144	58	86	14.2	12.4	16.3
Valvular pulmonic stenosis	134	58	76	13.5	12.6	14.4
Coarctation of aorta	76	31	44	7.6	6.8	8.4
Valvular aortic stenosis	54	25	28	5.4	5.5	5.2
TOF	61	32	28	6.1	7	5.4
Atrioventricular septal defect	31	18	13	3.1	3.9	2.5
TGA	26	17	9	2.6	3.6	1.8
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome	22	12	10	2.2	2.5	1.9
Double-outlet right ventricle	9	9	0	0.9	1.9	0.1
Single ventricle	8	6	2	0.8	1.4	0.3
Anomalous pulmonary venous connection	9	5	3	0.9	1.2	0.6
Truncus arteriosus	9	6	2	0.7	1.3	0.5
HPLHS	3	3	0	0.3	0.7	0
Other	22	12	10	2.1	2.6	1.9

VSD indicates ventricular septal defect; ASD, atrial septal defect; TOF, tetralogy of Fallot; TGA, transposition of the great arteries; and HPLHS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

^*Excludes an estimated 3 million bicuspid aortic valve prevalence (2 million in adults and 1 million in children).

^†Small VSD, 117 000 (65 000 adults and 52 000 children); large VSD, 82 000 (41 000 adults and 41 000 children).

Source: Reprinted from Hoffman et al,¹¹ with permission from Elsevier. Average of the low and high estimates, two thirds from low estimate.¹¹