Fig 3. Whole body imaging of Anopheles gambiae females parenterally challenged with 200 nm x 200 nm hydrogel nanoparticles.

Mosquitoes were sacrificed and imaged 1 day post challenge. Fluorescence signal was detected in the thorax and abdomen of NP challenged mosquitoes and was visibly brighter for females challenged with negatively charged NPs (row 2) compared to those challenged with positively charged particles (row 3). Fluorescence signal was not detected in non-challenged control mosquitoes (row 1).