Table 2. Characteristics of studies providing information on the distribution of diabetes prevalence by gender.
| Article Title /(Study name) | Sample Size | Age ranges | Country | Risk of bias assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anderson 2011 | 857 | 24–74 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional; population-based; Response rate: 62%; 2006 WHO criteria were used to classify subjects according to their glucose tolerance status: diabetes = fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7 0 mmol/l or 2 h postprandial glucose ≥ 11 1 mmol/l). |
| Block 2012 | 2017 | 18–104 | Grenada (Petit Martinique & Carriacou) | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; 64% response rate; A diagnosis of diabetes was based on participant self-report or fasting glucose of 140 mg/dL. |
| Cumberbatch 2011 (JHLS 2007–8) a | 2432 | 15–74 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; 98% response rate; Diabetes measured by fasting capillary glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L or if they responded yes to the question, “Have you been prescribed medication for your diabetes?” |
| Cunnngham-Myrie, 2013 (JHLS 2007–8) a | 2848 | 15–74 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; 98% response rate; Diabetes measured by fasting capillary glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L or if they responded yes to the question, “Have you been prescribed medication for your diabetes?” |
| Ferguson 2008 (JHLS 2000–2001) b | 2012 | 15–74 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional survey; Population-based; 87.6% response rate; Diabetes mellitus was defined as having a fasting glucose of greater than or equal to 6.1 mmol/L or being on treatment for diabetes. |
| Ferguson 2010a | 708 | 25–74 | Jamaica | Cohort study; 54% follow-up of original cohort; Data analysed for only 45% of eligible participants at baseline; Diabetes mellitus was defined according to theAmerican Diabetes Association 1997 criteria as fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or two-hour post challenge glucose of ≥ 11.1 mmol/L or taking medication for diabetes mellitus. |
| Llibre 2011 | 3015 | 65+ | Cuba | Cross-sectional; Population-based; Response rate 97.6%; Diabetes mellitus, diagnosed in two ways: 1) self-report of physician diagnosis of diabetes (“Have you ever been told you have diabetes? Did you start treatment? Are you still being treated?”); and/or 2) fasting glucose of _7.0 mmol/L confirmed on two different days |
| Ferguson 2011 (JHLS 2007–8) a | 2848 | 15–74 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; 98% response rate; Diabetes measured by fasting capillary glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L or if they responded yes to the question, “Haveyou been prescribed medication for your diabetes?” |
| *Andrade 2009 (SABE) c | Bdos 1508 Cuba 1903 | 60+ | Barbados & Cuba | Cross-sectional; Population-based; 81% response rate in Barbados, 95.3% in Cuba.Diabetes measured by self-report, No adjustment for confounders |
| *Barbosa 2010 (SABE) c | 1508 | 60+ | Barbados | Cross-sectional, Population-based; Response rate 81%; DM as measured by self-report via a questionnaire. |
| *Barbosa 2011 (SABE) c | Bdos1508 Cuba 1905 | 60+ | Cuba & Barbados | Cross-sectional; Population-based; Diabetes measured by self-report, 81% response rate in Barbados, 95.3% in Cuba |
| *Barcelo 2007 (SABE) c | Bdos 1508 Cuba 1903 | 60+ | Barbados & Cuba | Cross-sectional; Population-based; 81% response rate in Barbados, 95.3% in Cuba.Diabetes measured by self-report, No adjustment for confounders |
| *Nam 2012 (SABE) c | Bdos 994 Cuba 1073 | 65+ | Barbados and Cuba | Cross-sectional; Diabetes measured by self-report, 81% response rate in Barbados, 95.3% in Cuba no adj for confounders |
| *Palloni 2007 (SABE) c | Bdos 1508 Cuba 1903 | 60+ | Barbados & Cuba | Cross-sectional; Diabetes measured by self-report, population-based, 81% response rate in Barbados, 95.3% in Cuba no adjustment for confounders |
| *Bourne 2011 (JSLC) d | 31,801 | No ages given | Jamaica | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; JSLC for 2007 had a response rate 73.8%, and for 2002 it was 70.3%; diabetes measured by self-report via questionnaire; Inconsistent assessment of point estimate; |
| *Bourne, 2010 (JSLC) d | 15,260(2002) 3,322(2007) | >18 | Jamaica | Cross-sectional study; Population-based; JSLC for 2007 had a response rate 73.8%, and for 2002 it was 70.3%; diabetes measured by self-report via questionnaire; Inconsistent assessment of point estimate; |
| **Latchan, 2010 | 688 | 18–92 | Trinidad | Cross-sectional; Health Facility; Response rate not given; patient was classified as having diabetes if two of the following criteria were met: (1) a fasting blood sugar ≥ 7mmol/L or a 2-hour post-prandial reading of ≥ 11.1mmol/L following a 75 g glucose load, and (2) currently receiving any combination of lifestyle interventions, oral antidiabetic drugs orinsulin therapy. |
| **Modeste, 2007 | 407 | 18–74 | Barbados | Cross-sectional; Faith-based institution; Response rate = 66.9%; DM measured as Fasting venous plasma glucose level of 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) or higher was used to classify a person as diabetic, or if a person self-reported a physician’s diagnosis of diabetes. |
| **Chadee, 2013 | 15649 | >17 years | Trinidad and Tobago | Cross-sectional; Database of State-managed financial assistance program; Usable data for 68%; Diabetes measured by self-report; |
a Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2007–8.
b Jamaica Health and lifestyle Survey 2000–1.
c Study of Health and Well-being in the Elderly in Latin America and the Caribbean.
d Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions.
*These studies use self-report to diagnose diabetes.
**These studies are not population-based.