Table 4.
Means, standard deviations, change scores and Cohen’s d effect size
| Outcome | Group | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 1 – 2 Change Score |
Effect Size | Time 3 | Time 1 – 3 Change Score |
Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | d (95% CI) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | d (95% CI) | ||
| PQRS Trained | UC | 5.7 (1.9) | 7.5 (2.0) | 1.8 (2.9) | 6.9 (1.4) | 1.5 (2.2) | ||
| CO-OP | 4.3 (2.0) | 7.1 (1.7) | 2.9 (1.4) | 0.5 (−0.4 – 1.4) |
8.3 (1.2) | 4.5 (1.7) | 1.6 (0.5 – 2.7) |
|
| PQRS Untrained | UC | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.6 (2.0) | 0.5 (2.5) | 7.1 (0.7) | 1.5 (2.0) | ||
| CO-OP | 4.8 (1.8) | 7.7 (2.0) | 2.9 (1.4) | 1.2 (0.1 – 2.2) |
8.3 (1.7) | 3.6 (2.3) | 1.1 (−0.1 – 2.3) |
|
| COPM-Performance Trained |
UC | 4.2 (1.9) | 6.8 (2.4) | 2.3 (2.1) | −0.1 (−0.8 – 0.7) |
6.6 (3.0) | 2.3 (2.5) | |
| CO-OP | 4.6 (1.8) | 6.2 (2.5) | 1.5 (3.0) | 7.7 (2.2) | 2.9 (1.8) | 0.4 (−0.5 – 1.2) |
||
| COPM-Performance Untrained |
UC | 3.8 (1.5) | 5.9 (2.5) | 1.9 (2.3) | −0.1 (−0.9 – 0.7) |
6.7 (2.7) | 2.4 (2.5) | |
| CO-OP | 4.7 (2.0) | 6.1 (2.9) | 1.3 (3.1) | 7.8 (2.2) | 3.1 (2.7) | 0.2 (−0.7 – 1.0) |
||
| COPM-Satisfaction Trained |
UC | 3.9 (2.5) | 6.0 (2.2) | 1.8 (2.3) | 7.3 (2.5) | 3.7 (3.3) | ||
| CO-OP | 3.8 (2.1) | 5.8 (3.0) | 1.9 (2.8) | 0.1 (−0.7 – 0.9) |
7.2 (2.9) | 3.2 (1.8) | 0.1 (−1.0 – 0.8) |
|
| COPM-Satisfaction Untrained |
UC | 3.5 (1.7) | 5.6 (2.7) | 1.7 (2.1) | 6.8 (2.7) | 2.8 (2.3) | ||
| CO-OP | 4.0 (1.9) | 5.7 (3.0) | 1.5 (3.3) | 0.0 (−0.8 – 0.7) |
7.5 (2.6) | 3.2 (3.0) | 0.2 (−0.7 – 1.1) |
|
| CPI-Importance of Participation |
UC | - | 53.3 (12.5) | - | - | 50.7 (8.1) | −0.5 (5.2) | |
| CO-OP | - | 52.1 (8.1) | - | 52.4 (10.5) | 1.2 (5.9) | 0.3 (−0.6 – 1.2) |
||
| CPI-Control over Participation |
UC | - | 64.1 (16.5) | - | - | 61.9 (13.2) | −3.0 (11.4) | |
| CO-OP | - | 58.4 (9.3) | - | 63.8 (12.6) | 3.4 (7.2) | 0.7 (−0.2 – 1.6) |
||
| CPI-Satisfaction with Participation* |
UC | 69.0 | 140.0 | 20.7 | ||||
| CO-OP | 70.3 | 85.0 | 13.5 | 0.2 | ||||
| SIS-Participation | UC | - | 54.6 (13.7) | - | - | 56.9 (13.3) | 1.9 (12.5) | |
| CO-OP | - | 47.9 (16.8) | - | 56.6 (16.7) | 8.0 (9.9) | 0.5 (−0.4 – 1.4) |
||
| SEG | UC | 211.7 (51.7) | 227.5 (42.0) | 3.8 (48.9) | 228.3 (28.1) | 9.4 (41.8) | ||
| CO-OP | 198.4 (45.3) | 224.6 (45.2) | 23.2 (38.9) | 0.4 (−0.3 – 1.2) |
239.2 (36.3) | 38.8 (38.1) | 0.7 (−0.2 – 1.6) |
Abbreviations: UC, usual care; CO-OP, Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance; SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; PQRS, Performance Quality Rating Scale; COPM, Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; SIS, Stroke Impact Scale; SEG, Self-Efficacy Gage.
*
Data were not normally distributed therefore median and non-parametric effect size r are reported.
Effect Sizes: .2, small effect; .5 medium effect; .8 large effect.