Table 1.
Detailed description of trials
| Author | Trial type | Sample size & description | Length | Outcome/Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jarmuda et al (Ireland) 25 |
Controlled trial on Demodex levels on face of patients | n= 127, R= 75, HC= 52 | 15 weeks | Demodex ↑ in patients (P = 0.0001) |
| Sherif et al (Libya) 27 |
Randomized controlled trial on H. pylori | n= 36, Mean age ± SD = 37.8 ± 6.6 years | 21 weeks | Sun exposure and H. Pylori have possibly have role in Rosacea. (P= 0.005) |
| Brown et al (USA) 48 |
Comparative analysis (Rosacea (R) & Cutaneous Lupuserythematous (LE)) | n= 57, R= 27; LE=30 Average age= (55.5 vs 42.3 years P = .0029) |
6 months | T-Cell mediated responses have significant role in R and LE. |
| Tisma et al. (Croatia) 36 |
Randomized controlled trial on serum peroxides & ferritin levels | n= 71, R= 60; HC= 11 Mean age= 30 to 70 years |
6 months | Serum peroxides ↑ & serum total anti-oxidative potential levels ↓ in R v's HC (P= .05) |
| Bakar et al. (Turkey) 39 |
Controlled trials on ROS levels | n= 42, R= 17, HC= 25 Mean ± SD age 50.3 ±19, 15.1 years. |
6 weeks | ROS levels ↑ in rosacea patients than in HC |
| Cribier et al. (France) 19 |
Diagnostic trial on Pathophysiology of Rosacea | n= 86 mean age= 25 to 49 years |
3 months | Vasculature and Inflammation primary factors in Rosacea |
| LE Heuzey et al. (France) 21 |
Randomized controlled trial on Amiodarone on skin (redness/flush) | n= 504, CI = 95% Middle-aged patients |
12 months | HR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.60-1.07; P = 0.129 Redness ↑ |
| Tsiskarishvili et al. (Georgia) 49 |
Observational trial on early stage treatment | n= 50, R= 25, HC= 25, mean age= 25 to 49 years |
12 months | Beta-blockers and Rozaliak effective for treatment |
| Tan J et al. (Germany) 46 |
Observational cross-sectional survey on clinical association & progression b/w sub-types |
n (R) = 135 | 3 months | Disease progression amongst associated sub-types. (P = 0.005) |
| Guzman-Sanchez et al. (USA) 18 |
Comparative trial to assess heat pain thresholds and skin blood flow | n= 24, R= 16; HC= 8 |
5 weeks | Enhanced sensitivity to noxious heat stimuli/blood flow in rosacea-affected skin. P < .05. |
| Casas et al. (France) 24 |
Prospective/multicenter trial on Demodex, Rosacea & immune responses. | n= 98, R= 50 HC= 48 |
12 months | D. folliculorum density was 5.7 times ↑ in rosacea patients than in healthy volunteers. P < 0.05. |
| Smith et al. (USA) 50 |
Controlled trial on vascular endothelial receptor (VEGF) expression in rosacea | n= 20 (R) Mean age= 25 - 35 years |
4 weeks | VEGF-ligand binding in rosacea could contribute vascular & cellular changes |
| Coda et al. (USA, U.K) 32 |
Randomized multicenter on role of cathelicidin in rosacea | n= 60 (R= 55) HC= 5 age= 18-40 years |
16 weeks | Cathelicidin ↑ & serine protease activity ↑ in rosacea patients. |
| Parodi et al. (Italy) 66 |
Randomized Controlled trial on gut bacteria | n= 113 (R= 53), mean age, 52 ± 15 years. HC= 60 mean age, 49 ± 11 years; 82 women, 31 men. |
9 months | Gut bacteria ↑ in rosacea patients when compared to HCs. Rifaximin drug therapy was given to rosacea patients and disease ↓ |
N= Total number of patients; R= Rosacea; HC= Healthy control; HR= hazard ratio; P= Significance; CI = confidence interval; ↑ = High; ↓ = Low.