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Age at randomization⁎
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Sex
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Family history of aortic dissection in a first-degree family member (i) at any age and (ii) occurring in the family member at an age ≤40 y
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The presence or absence of:
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ectopia lentis
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dural ectasia
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musculoskeletal involvement
†
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Aortic root dimension at the sinuses of Valsalva at enrollment, indexed to body surface area and expressed as a z-score‡
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Baseline age-adjusted imaging markers of arterial stiffness and elasticity
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Presence and type of variants in genes encoding components of the extracellular matrix including fibrillin-1; the TGFβ pathway; the renin-angiotensin system; the β-adrenergic system; and pathways involved in the binding, transport, metabolism, or excretion of ARBs and/or β-blockers
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Circulating biomarkers of vascular function (including TGFβ level where available) at baseline
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Use of β-blockers at baseline
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Use of calcium-channel blockers at baseline
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Use of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) at baseline
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Prior history of aortic root surgery at baseline
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Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at baseline as a continuous measure§