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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 22.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Mar;175(3):393–398. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.7582
Enrollees in states with
copayments n (%)
Enrollees in states without
copayments n (%)
p-value

Total 3122 (100) 7433 (100)

Age 0.2
 19-35 1549 (49.6) 3722 (50.1)
 36-50 1033 (33.1) 2434 (32.7)
 50-64 540 (17.3) 1227 (16.5)

Gender 0.2
 Female 2329 (74.6) 5419 (72.9)

Race 0.0014
 White 1770 (56.7) 4428 (59.6)
 Non-white 1352 (43.3) 3005 (40.4)

Marital Status <0.0001
 Single 1415 (45.3) 3164 (42.6)
 Married 851 (27.3) 2756 (37.1)
 Separated/Divorced 773 (24.8) 1311 (17.6)
 Widowed 83 (2.7) 202 (2.7)

Education <0.0001
 Less than HS 1319 (42.2) 3717 (50.0)
 Graduated HS 1227 (39.3) 2409 (32.4)
 Some College 540 (17.3) 1210 (16.3)

Income relative to
FPL
<0.0001
 <100% 1864 (59.7) 3887 (52.3)
 100%-200% 847 (27.1) 2449 (32.9)
 >200% 411 (13.1) 1097 (14.8)

Perceived health
status
<0.0002
 Excellent-Good 2018 (64.6) 5063 (68.1)
 Fair-Poor 1011 (32.4) 2190 (29.5)