Table 1.
Participant characteristics by group (matched)
| Variable | MBCT (n=13) | CBT (n=27) | Control (n=40) | Statistic | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (SD; 22–71) | 41.6 (13.0) | 42.2 (11.3) | 41.4 (13.9) | F(2, 78)=0.03 | .97 |
| Sex (% female) | 84.6 | 70.4 | 61.0 | χ2(2)=2.64 | .27 |
| Race (%) | χ2(10)=6.88 | .55 | |||
| White | 92.3 | 92.6 | 75.0 | ||
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | ||
| Asian | 0 | 0 | 5.0 | ||
| Black | 0 | 0 | 7.5 | ||
| Multiple ethnicities | 7.7 | 7.4 | 10.0 | ||
| Mean education (SD; 3–7; partial high school-graduate training) | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.9 (1.1) | 5.7 (0.8) | F(2, 78)=0.45 | .64 |
| Income (SD; 1–8; ≤10,000 to ≥100,000) | 4.9 (1.8) | 5.8 (2.0) | 5.5 (2.5) | F(2, 75)=0.70 | .50 |
| Current Medication (% yes) | 38.5a | 33.3a | 0.0b | χ2(2)=17.13 | <.01 |
| Verbal IQ (SD; 24–40) | 33.4 (3.6) | 34.0 (3.8) | 32.6 (4.1) | F(2, 71)=1.01 | .37 |
| Working memory (SD; 2–10) | 5.3 (1.8) | 5.4 (1.5) | 5.3 (1.7) | F(2, 78)=0.03 | .97 |
| Emotional reactivity (SD; −3.7 to 1.45) | 0.2 (1.6) | 0.2 (0.9) | 0.3 (0.9) | F(2, 77)=0.15 | .86 |
| Stress (SD; 0–46) | 21.1 (10.3) | 15.1 (11.2) | 15.6 (10.4) | F(2, 78)=1.56 | .22 |
| Depressive symptoms (SD; 0–31) | 15.1a (8.9) | 7.5b (7.5) | 10.2a, b (8.6) | F(2, 78)=3.67 | .03 |
Means with differing subscripts within rows are significantly different at the p<.05 level using Fisher’s LSD post hoc paired comparisons for F tests, or using post hoc pairwise comparisons for the χ2 test of homogeneity. Specific ns for each comparison may slightly differ due to different numbers of missing values across variables. Ranges listed are ranges of observed scores for the matched sample. Age, sex, race, highest level of education, family income, and current use of psychiatric medication were all assessed with items on the online survey. Verbal intelligence was assessed using the vocabulary subscale of the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (Zachary 1986). Working memory capacity was assessed with a reverse word span task. Emotional reactivity was assessed with the CRA film clip task: sadness ratings on the neutral film clip were subtracted from sadness ratings on the baseline sad film clip. Life stress was assessed using the Life Experiences Survey (Sarason et al. 1978). Depression symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck and Steer 1984)