Table 2. Effects of submergence on the aboveground dry weight and root characteristics of rice plants at the tillering stage after 7 d of recovery.

Submergence depth-duration (d)	Aboveground dry weight (g/hole)	Adventitious roots (number/ hole)	Dry root weight (g/hole)	Length of the longest root (cm)	Root width (mm/bar)	Relative expression of the OS-ACS3 gene
Control-1	10.42 bc	387 a	1.661 ab	23.5 ab	0.973 bc	1.7 h
Control-3	11.34 ab	385 a	1.727 ab	24.1 ab	0.967 bc	1.6 h
Control-5	12.82 a	388 a	1.704 ab	24.4 a	0.987 abc	1.6 h
1/2-1	11.21 ab	357 ab	1.792 a	24.0 ab	0.960 c	11.4 e
1/2-3	10.81 ab	348 ab	1.688 ab	23.2 abc	0.947 c	6.3 f
1/2-5	10.55 abc	339 a	1.587 ab	22.0 bcd	1.003 abc	3.6 gh
2/3-1	10.11 bc	320 b	1.598 ab	22.0 bcd	0.953 c	16.6 d
2/3-3	9.68 bcd	326 b	1.334 abc	21.3 cde	1.033 ab	10.0 e
2/3-5	8.30 cd	321 b	1.243 bc	20.2 de	1.047 a	5.9 fg
1/1-1	10.50 abc	399 a	1.685 ab	21.4 cde	0.970 bc	90.3 a
1/1-3	10.19 bc	336 ab	1.512 ab	19.9 de	1.010 abc	35.9 b
1/1-5	7.81 d	331 b	0.992 c	19.4 e	1.013 abc	23.3 c

Values followed by a different letter are significantly different (t-test, P ≤ 0.05).