Table 2. Adverse events after surgeries in patients with preoperative pressure ulcer.
| No PU, % | PU, % | RR | (95% CI)* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Postoperative complications | ||||
| Pneumonia | 7.4 | 21.8 | 2.94 | (2.76–3.13) |
| Septicemia | 7.4 | 21.1 | 2.85 | (2.68–3.04) |
| Stroke | 6.6 | 13.3 | 2.02 | (1.88–2.17) |
| Urinary tract infection | 6.3 | 12.9 | 2.05 | (1.90–2.20) |
| Acute renal failure | 2.0 | 4.3 | 2.17 | (1.91–2.47) |
| Deep wound infection | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.21 | (0.98–1.50) |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.45 | (1.12–1.87) |
| Postoperative bleeding | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.89 | (0.67–1.20) |
| Pulmonary embolism | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.04 | (0.61–1.78) |
| Any of the above | 23.4 | 50.0 | 2.13 | (2.06–2.21) |
| 30-day in-hospital mortality | 1.1 | 2.1 | 1.83 | (1.54–2.18) |
| ICU stay | 22.4 | 36.7 | 1.64 | (1.57–1.70) |
| Prolonged length of hospital stay | 10.3 | 28.1 | 2.73 | (2.58–2.88) |
| Increased medical expenditure | 13.2 | 26.8 | 2.03 | (1.94–2.14) |
CI, confidence interval; PU, pressure ulcer; ICU, intensive care unit; RR, rate ratio.
*Adjusted for age, sex, low income, urbanization, operation in teaching hospital, types of anesthesia, types of surgery and coexisting diseases.