Table 1.
Baseline and Follow-up Descriptive Statistics
| Variables | No asthma (n=6125) |
Intermittent Asthma (n=511) |
Persistent Asthma (n=156) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 62.3(10.2) | 59.7(10.1)* | 63.6(10.1) |
| Body-mass index, kg/m2 | 28.1(5.3) | 30.0 (6.4) * | 30.4(7.0) * |
| Male sex, n (%) | 2962(48.4) | 194(38.0) * | 46 (29.5) * |
| Race/Ethnicity % (N) | |||
| Caucasian, n (%) | 2354(38.4) | 187(36.6) | 68(43.6) |
| Chinese, n (%) | 755(12.3) | 40(7.8) * | 8(5.1) * |
| African-American, n (%) | 1671(27.3) | 161(31.5) * | 55(35.3) * |
| Hispanics, n (%) | 1345(22.0) | 123(24.1) | 25(16.0) |
| Smoking | |||
| Never smoker, n (%) | 3085(50.5) | 251(49.4) | 73(47.4) |
| Former smoker, n (%) | 2226(36.4) | 189(37.2) | 63(40.9) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 797(13.05) | 68(13.39) | 18(11.7) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 193.98(35.3) | 195.2(39.4) | 196.87(38.0) |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 50.8(14.9) | 51.28(14.4) | 56.12(14.6) * |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 126.62(21.5) | 125.68(21.9) | 129.1(20.4) |
| Family history of coronary heart disease, n (%) | 2437(42.4) | 217(44.7) | 70(49.0) |
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 756(12.4) | 76(14.9) * | 21(13.5) |
| Income >$35,000/year, n (%) | 3235(55.1) | 287(58.0) | 88(57.9) |
| Anti-hypertension medication use, n (%) | 2255(36.8) | 193(37.8) * | 78(50.0) * |
| Lipid-lowering medication use, n (%) | 978(16.0) | 81(15.9) | 36(23.1) * |
| Oral corticosteroid medication use, n (%) | 72(1.2) | 0(0) | 32(20.5) |
| Leukotriene receptor antagonist medication use, n (%) | 7(0.1) | 0(0) | 45(28.9) |
| Inhaled corticosteroid medication use, n (%) | 28(0.5) | 0(0) | 118(75.6) |
*
age adjusted p<0.05, no asthma group as reference