Table 2.

Association of Asthma with Cardiovascular Disease Events

	Persistent Asthma *		Intermittent Asthma *
Model	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P value
Model 1	1.72 (1.14–2.59)	0.010	1.13 (0.83–1.53)	0.452
Model 2	1.83 (1.21–2.76)	0.004	1.10 (0.79–1.47)	0.626
Model 3	1.75 (1.16–2.64)	0.008	1.10 (0.80–1.47)	0.613
Model 4	1.59 (1.01–2.50)	0.040	1.10 (0.78–1.48)	0.655

^*No asthma group as reference

CI = confidence interval

Model 1: Adjusted for age, race, sex

Model 2: Model 1 + total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus

Model 3: Model 2 + anti-hypertensive and lipid-lowering medication use at baseline

Model 4: Model 3 + body-mass index, family history of CVD, income