Table 1.
Patient Sample Characteristics
| Percentage or mean ± SD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline variable | Pooled sample (n = 221) |
Group | p | |
| SP (n = 135) |
Control (n = 86) |
|||
| Age | 51.4 ± 12.7 | 50.7 ± 11.9 | 51.9 ± 13.1 | 0.477 |
| Female gender | 78.6 | 74.8 | 84.7 | 0.084 |
| Minority ethnicity | 9.5 | 6.7 | 14.0 | 0.078 |
| No post-secondary education | 20.8 | 21.5 | 19.8 | 0.760 |
| Annual income < $30,000 | 31.8 | 35.3 | 26.2 | 0.160 |
| Married | 56.1 | 60.0 | 50.0 | 0.145 |
| Number of comorbid conditionsa | 3.5 ± 2.4 | 3.7 ± 2.5 | 3.2 ± 2.2 | 0.087 |
| Low functional health literacyb | 16.8 | 17.8 | 15.1 | 0.591 |
| Adherence (MMAS)c | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 0.575 |
| Depression symptom severity (PHQ-8)d | 10.2 ± 6.2 | 10.7 ± 6.0 | 9.3 ± 6.3 | 0.091 |
| Symptom remission (PHQ-8a < 5) | 20.7 | 17.3 | 26.2 | 0.117 |
aHypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, stroke, arthritis, chronic lung disease (asthma or COPD), or low back pain
bAs measured by the Test of Functional Health Literacy for Adults, brief version
cMorisky Medication Adherence Scale, for which higher scores indicate lower adherence
dPatient Health Questionnaire-8, for which higher scores indicate more severe symptoms.