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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2015 Jun;29(2):341–355. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.007

Table 3.

Differential Diagnosis of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis.

Exposure type Viral syndromes Bacterial agents/syndromes Parasitic agents/syndromes Non-infectious syndromes
History of vector exposure Powassan virus disease/tick-borne encephalitis Lyme disease Babesiosis
West Nile virus disease B. miyamotoi infection Malaria
Dengue virus fever B. hermsii infection
Colorado tick fever E. chaffeensis infection
Heartland virus fever E. ewingii infection
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus infection E. muris-like agent infection
Chickungunya virus disease Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Murine typhus
African tick-bite fever
Scrub typhus
Bartonellosis
Tularemia
Leptospirosis

No vector exposure EBV infection Acute bacterial endocarditis Kawasaki syndrome
Human herpes virus-6 infection Secondary syphilis ITP
Parvovirus B19 infection N. gonorrhea sepsis TTP
Viral hepatitis A, B, C N. meningitidis sepsis Hemophagocytic syndrome
Enterovirus infection Group A Streptococcal infection Immune-complex illness
Hantaan virus infection Leptospirosis Allergic drug reaction
Typhoid fever Acute leukemia
Lymphoma