Table 3.
Demographic, Medical and Psychological measures compared across Depression Status. †
| 0 | 1 | 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| No Depression |
Minor Depression |
Major Depression |
ANOVA F |
p | Pairwise Comparisons |
|
| Demographics | n = 289 | n = 24 | n = 16 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Age in Years, mean (SD) | 60.7 (10.1) | 64.2 (10.6) | 60.4 (10.3) | 1.27 | .282 | |
| Disease Duration in Years, mean (SD) | 0.97 (0.37) | 1.11 (0.38) | 1.02 (0.33) | 1.70 | .184 | |
|
| ||||||
| Medical | n = 266-268 | n = 22-23 | n = 14-16 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Forced Vital Capacity, %, mean (SD) | 81.0 (22.0) | 70.8 (24.9) | 77.9 (22.7) | 1.50 | .225 | |
| ALSFRS-R Total Score, mean (SD) | 37.0 (6.1) | 32.9 (6.1) | 34.6 (4.3) | 5.55 | .004* | 0 > 1 |
| ALSFRS-R Domains | MANCOVA Wilks’ Lambda | 1.66 | .105 | |||
| Bulbar, mean (SD) | 9.7 (2.3) | 9.9 (2.7) | 9.1 (2.9) | 0.40 | .674 | |
| Fine motor, mean (SD) | 8.7 (2.4) | 7.2 (2.5) | 8.1 (3.2) | 4.43 | .013* | 0 > 1 |
| Gross Motor, mean (SD) | 8.1 (2.8) | 6.3 (2.8) | 7.1 (2.7) | 4.67 | .010* | 0 > 1 |
| Respiratory, mean (SD) | 10.5 (2.4) | 9.6 (3.0) | 10.3 (3.0) | 0.69 | .256 | |
|
| ||||||
| Psychological Measures | n = 238-289 | n = 20-23 | n = 13-16 | |||
|
| ||||||
| Modified PHQ Total, mean (SD) | 3.3 (3.0) | 10.7 (2.7) | 15.8 (4.1) | 175.2 | <.001* | All |
| PANAS | MANCOVA Wilks’ Lambda | 28.14 | < .001* | |||
| PANAS: Positive Mood, mean (SD) | 33.4 (7.5) | 25.5 (7.4) | 23.1 (8.4) | 24.31 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| PANAS: Negative Mood, mean (SD) | 16.5 (5.6) | 22.7 (7.3) | 30.8 (8.3) | 51.97 | <.001* | All |
| Beck Hopelessness Scale, mean (SD) | 2.6 (2.7) | 4.5 (3.6) | 7.7 (2.7) | 22.93 | <.001* | All |
| Quality of Life Scale, mean (SD) | 40.0 (6.8) | 31.8 (5.8) | 27.3 (6.4) | 38.01 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| GARS: Stress, mean (SD) | 19.1 (8.8) | 27.2 (10.0) | 28.3 (10.0) | 15.19 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| Manne | MANCOVA Wilks’ Lambda | 1.19 | .316 | |||
| Manne: Positive partner support, mean (SD) | 21.6 (2.9) | 22.2 (2.1) | 21.5 (1.9) | 0.12 | .665 | |
| Manne: Negative partner support, mean (SD) | 9.6 (3.5) | 10.1 (3.6) | 11.4 (3.0) | 1.85 | .159 | |
| Visual Analog Scales | MANCOVA Wilks’ Lambda | 7.87 | <.001* | |||
| Depressed, mean (SD) | 2.6 (1.8) | 4.7 (2.6) | 6.8 (2.1) | 37.27 | <.001* | All |
| Pleasure, mean (SD) | 6.8 (2.2) | 5.1 (2.2) | 3.8 (1.5) | 13.62 | <.001* | 0 > 1 |
| Suffering, mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.2) | 5.2 (2.6) | 6.0 (2.3) | 17.24 | <.001* | 0 > 1,2 |
| Weary, mean (SD) | 4.4 (2.4) | 7.0 (2.2) | 7.8 (2.7) | 19.57 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| Nervous/Anxious, mean (SD) | 3.0 (2.1) | 5.8 (2.4) | 6.8 (2.8) | 33.46 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| Hopeful, mean (SD) | 6.4 (2.5) | 4.4 (2.9) | 2.4 (1.7) | 20.37 | <.001* | 0 > 1, 2 |
| Feels in Control of ALS, mean (SD) | 5.2 (2.9) | 4.5 (2.4) | 2.5 (1.9) | 5.26 | .006* | 0 > 2 |
| Supported by Family, mean (SD) | 9.3 (1.5) | 9.7 (.70) | 8.9 (2.0) | 1.60 | .203 | |
| Supported by Medical team, mean (SD) | 8.8 (1.9) | 8.9 (1.6) | 8.1 (1.6) | 0.64 | .526 | |
| Wish to Hasten death, mean (SD) | 1.4 (1.1) | 3.6 (2.9) | 6.3 (3.4) | 77.13 | <.001* | All |
| Importance of Religion, mean (SD) | 6.9 (3.3) | 6.8 (3.4) | 6.2 (3.4) | 0.35 | .707 | |
| Overall Quality of Life, mean (SD) | 7.5 (2.0) | 5.7 (1.4) | 3.9 (1.9) | 24.95 | <.001 | 0 > 1, 2 |
Covariates are age, sex, duration of symptoms, education and race.
*
p < .05