Table 1.
Physical and biochemical characteristics of the subjects.
| All | Men | Women | P for sex difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 80 | 38 | 42 | |
| Age (years) | 57.6 ± 13.6 | 56.2 ± 13.4 | 58.9 ± 13.9 | 0.394 |
| Height (cm) | 160.6 ± 9.1 | 168.0 ± 6.0 | 153.9 ± 5.6 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.0 ± 15.2 | 74.2 ± 14.7 | 62.4 ± 13.6 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/cm2) | 26.2 ± 4.6 | 26.1 ± 3.8 | 26.3 ± 5.2 | 0.887 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92.0 ± 11.8 | 92.6 ± 10.8 | 91.4 ± 12.7 | 0.661 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.5 ± 17.2 | 127.8 ± 13.5 | 131.1 ± 20.0 | 0.401 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.2 ± 12.5 | 78.5 ± 11.2 | 79.8 ± 13.6 | 0.642 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL) | 121.1 ± 25.0 | 122.6 ± 26.6 | 119.7 ± 23.6 | 0.605 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.7 ± 1.1 | 6.7 ± 1.2 | 6.6 ± 1.0 | 0.738 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 213.6 ± 38.3 | 203.9 ± 33.6 | 222.3 ± 40.6 | 0.031 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 132.1 ± 92.5 | 124.1 ± 62.2 | 139.4 ± 113.5 | 0.463 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 53.5 ± 15.7 | 50.6 ± 17.2 | 56.1 ± 13.9 | 0.116 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 127.3 ± 44.2 | 128.5 ± 28.1 | 126.3 ± 54.3 | 0.204 |
| Serum insulin (μU/mL) | 9.7 ± 6.6 | 9.8 ± 7.5 | 9.6 ± 5.7 | 0.844 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.0 ± 2.4 | 3.2 ± 3.0 | 2.9 ± 1.8 | 0.563 |
| Physical activity level | 1.64 ± 0.17 | 1.63 ± 0.16 | 1.64 ± 0.17 | 0.485 |
| Basal metabolic rate (kcal/day) | 1318.9 ± 272.4 | 1499.9 ± 225.5 | 1115.3 ± 198.4 | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as means ± SD. HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance.