TABLE 1.

MRI, physiologic, and behavioral variables in healthy men and women after consumption of the 3 fat emulsion meals¹

	Fat emulsion meal
	Coarse	Coarse+LBG	Fine+LBG
Gastric volume AUC, mL ⋅ h	1190 ± 90b	1450 ± 140a	1640 ± 143a
T50%, min	180 ± 9	230 ± 22	330 ± 61
Lipid:water ratio AUC, AU ⋅ h
Upper part	1.90 ± 0.20a	0.90 ± 0.07b	0.90 ± 0.05b
Lower part	0.30 ± 0.05b	0.70 ± 0.06a	0.70 ± 0.04a
Percentage gallbladder contraction AUC, % ⋅ h	300 ± 21	310 ± 34	300 ± 33
SBWC AUC, mL ⋅ h	1720 ± 185b	2020 ± 169a	2270 ± 180a
CCK AUC,2 pmol/L ⋅ min	1520 ± 239b	2100 ± 250a	1990 ± 258a
13C Breath test
DOB AUC, ‰ ⋅ min	3460 ± 324a	2820 ± 151b	3140 ± 170a,b
13CT1/2, min	260 ± 21b	390 ± 40a	470 ± 43a
VAS AUC, scores ⋅ h
Fullness	20 ± 3	20 ± 4	20 ± 4
Hunger	30 ± 5	30 ± 4	30 ± 5
Prospective food consumption VAS AUC, scores ⋅ h	30 ± 5	30 ± 3	30 ± 4
Energy intake from ad libitum meal, kJ	4060 ± 390a	3680 ± 409b	3270 ± 368c

¹Values are means ± SEMs, n = 11 unless otherwise indicated. Labeled means in a row without a common superscript letter differ, P < 0.05. AU, arbitrary units; CCK, cholecystokinin; Coarse, 20% oil and water emulsion with 6-μm mean droplet size; Coarse+LBG, 20% oil and water emulsion with 6-μm mean droplet size and 0.5% locust bean gum; DOB, delta over baseline; Fine+LBG, 20% oil and water emulsion with 0.4-μm mean droplet size and 0.5% locust bean gum; SBWC, small bowel water content; T_50%, gastric half-emptying time; VAS, visual analog scale; ¹³CT_1/2, ¹³C breath test half-dose recovery time.

²n = 10.