FIG. 4.

α-SMA expression. Fibroblast expression of α-SMA (red) in RAFT TE constructs was observed using wholemount immunohistochemistry. RAFT TE constructs were also stained for phalloidin (green) and nuclei were counterstained using DAPI (blue). The positive (forced differentiation under mechanical tension) and negative (omission of anti-α-SMA antibody) controls are shown in (A, B), respectively (top). (C–F) Staining of normal hLF within RAFT TE (middle). (G–J) Staining of dFib within RAFT TE (bottom). (D, F, H, J) hLE+ RAFT TEs (C, E, G, I: hLE− RAFT TEs). (E, F, I, J) Airlifted RAFT TEs (C, D, G, H: nonairlifted RAFT TEs). All images are representative of three fields of view captured per condition per experiment. Scale bars: 50 μm. α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tec