Table 2.

The mean values of sperm density, motility and morphology before, and 3 or 6 months after surgery in each group according to the grade of varicocele.

Mean (SD)	Group					P
	A	B	C	D	E
N patients density (106/mL)	13	21	25	11	8
Sperm
Before	17.6 (2.3)	14.7 (2.5)	13.7 (1.4)	7.8 (0.5)	6.4 (1.3)	0.001
After	33.2 (5.5)	29.8 (4.5)	32.7 (3.5)	18.3 (1.5)	18.4 (1.3)	0.001
% Improvement	88.6	102	134	137	187
P	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Motility (%)
Before	33 (4)	28 (2.3)	31 (3.4)	25 (1.7)	20 (2.4)	0.001
After	42 (11.6)	46 (10.5)	52 (12.3)	55 (8.5)	65 (5.5)	0.001
% Improvement	27.2	64.2	67.7	102	200	0.001
P	0.01	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Morphology (%)
Before	61 (2.5)	41.2 (5.7)	35 (8.9)	20 (10.4)	30 (11.3)	0.001
After	78 (1.2)	76 (1.4)	77.8 (0.5)	45 (9)	48 (10.9)	0.001
% Improvement	27.8	84.5	102	125	60
P	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.005