Table 1.

Autophagy-enhancing compounds that therapeutically targets neurodegenerative diseases

Disease	Autophagy target	Compound	Clinical trial phase	References
AD	TORC1 inhibition	Rapamycin		Caccamo et al., 2010
		SMER28		Tian et al., 2011
		Metformin	Clinical trial phase II	Kickstein et al., 2010
		Latrepirdine	Clinical trial phase III	Steele and Gandy, 2013
		Resveratrol	Clinical trial phase III	Vingtdeux et al., 2010
		RSVA314, 405		Vingtdeux et al., 2011
	AMPK activation	Lithium	Clinical trial phase II	Forlenza et al., 2012
	BECN1 complex lysosomal function	BECN1 mimetics		Shoji-Kawata et al., 2013
		Nicotinamide	Clinical trial phase I	Liu et al., 2013
PD	TORC1 inhibition	Resveratrol		Lin et al., 2014
		Kaempferol		Filomenin et al., 2012
		Celastrol		Deng et al., 2013
		Curcumin		Jiang et al., 2013
	BECN1 complex	BECN1 gene		Spencer et al., 2009
	Vesicle transport	RAB1A gene		Coune et al., 2011
	HDAC regulation	HDAC6 gene		Du et al., 2010
	TFEB regulation	TFEB gene		Decressac et al., 2013
HD	TORC1 inhibition	Rapamycin		Ravikumar et al., 2004
		CCI-779		Ravikumar et al., 2004
	AMPK activation	Trehalose		Tanaka et al., 2004
		Rilmenidine		Rose et al., 2010
		10-NSP		Tsvetkov et al., 2010
	HDAC regulation	HDAC inhibitors		Burli et al., 2013
ALS	TORC1 inhibition	Rapamycin		Staats et al., 2013
	AMPK activation	Lithium		Fornai et al., 2008
		Trehalose		Zhang et al., 2014