Material flow analysis for nickel in China, 2005 (8). The small dots between the life stages are the markets through which imports and exports flow. Min, mining; S, smelting; R, refining; F, fabrication; Mfg, manufacturing; U, use; W, waste management and recycling. The units are Gg Ni (thousand metric tons). The line width approximates the relative nickel flow from one node to another.