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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anim Behav. 2015 Jul 1;105:139–152. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.04.012

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Estimated marginal means (± 95% CI) of z-transformed half-weight index of dyadic association of female chimpanzees in relation to the presence of immature male versus female offspring of both members of the dyad, estimated at the population mean level of core area overlap for each group (z score = 0). Labels on X axis indicate, for females A and B in a given dyad, whether either one had at least one male (M+) or female (F+) offspring in a given period, or neither (0). The first group represents dyads of two females without immature offspring, and all subsequent groups are sorted by their mean estimated association index. Numbers above or below error bars indicate the number of unique dyads in each group, across all periods.