Table 1.

Demographics and clinical presentations of hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas

	Total	Pancreatic head	Pancreatic body-tail	P value
Sex	n = 23	n = 9	n = 14	0.418
Male	16 (69.6 %)	7 (77.8 %)	9 (64.3 %)
Female	7 (30.4 %)	2 (22.2 %)	5 (35.7 %)
Age (year)	n = 23	n = 9	n = 14	0.156
Median (range)	56 (21–80)	49 (21–80)	58 (32–79)
Mean ± SD	53.8 ± 14.9	48.2 ± 17.5	57.4 ± 12.3
Size (cm)	n = 20	n = 8	n = 12	0.907
Median (range)	6.0 (0.5–11.0)	6.3 (0.5–9.0)	6.0 (1.0–11.0)
Mean ± SD	5.5 ± 2.7	5.6 ± 2.8	5.5 ± 2.8
Hepatitis B (+), n = 8	0	0	0	N/A
Hepatitis C (+), n = 8	0	0	0	N/A
Elevation of tumor markers
AFP, n = 15	9 (60.0 %)	5 (71.4 %)	4 (50.0 %)	0.378
CA 19-9, n = 11	2 (18.2 %)	1 (25.0 %)	1 (14.3 %)	0.618
CEA, n = 11	2 (18.2 %)	1 (25.0 %)	1 (14.3 %)	0.618
Symptom	n = 22	n = 9	n = 14
No symptom	7 (31.8 %)	1 (12.5 %)	6 (42.9 %)	0.161
Epigastric pain	8 (36.4 %)	4 (50.0 %)	4 (28.6 %)	0.291
Nausea/vomiting	7 (31.8 %)	5 (62.5 %)	2 (14.3 %)	0.032
Diabetes mellitus	5 (22.7 %)	1 (12.5 %)	4 (28.6 %)	0.308
Jaundice	4 (18.2 %)	4 (50.0 %)	0	0.010
Back pain	4 (18.2 %)	2 (25.0 %)	2 (14.3 %)	0.465
Body weight loss	3 (13.6 %)	1 (12.5 %)	2 (14.3 %)	0.797
Hypoglycemia	1 (4.5 %)	0	1 (7.1 %)	0.636
Skin rash	1 (4.5 %)	0	1 (7.1 %)	0.636
Subcutaneous fat necrosis	1 (4.5 %)	0	1 (7.1 %)	0.636
Gastrointestinal bleeding	1 (4.5 %)	0	1 (7.1 %)	0.636
Night sweating	1 (4.5 %)	0	1 (7.1 %)	0.636
Others	2 (15.4 %)	0	2 (14.3 %)	0.462

N/A not available, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, CA 19-9 carbohydrate antigen 19-9, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen