Table 1.
Baseline Sociodemographic Characteristics and Smoking-Related Measures by Menthol-Smoking Groups (N=1439)
| Participant Characteristics | Non-Menthol Cigarette Smokers (N=814) |
Menthol Cigarette Smokers (N=625) |
Group Differences: Test Value (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female, % (N) | 51.4% (418) | 68.6% (429) | χ2 (df=1)=43.6 (p<.0001) |
| Race, % (Columns add to 100%) | |||
| • African American (N) | 0.0% (0) | 29.8% (186) | χ2 (df=1)=278.2 |
| • White (N) | 100.0% (814) | 70.2% (439) | (p<.0001) |
| Hispanic, % (N) | 1.1% (9) | 2.4% (15) | χ2 (df=1)=3.6 (p=.0574) |
| Age (years), Mean (SD) | 44.9 (11.5) | 44.4 (10.6) | t(df=1434)=0.93 (p=.3542) |
| Education, % (Columns add to 100%) | |||
| • < High School (N) | 3.4% (28) | 7.6% (47) | χ2 (df=2)=31.4 |
| • High School (N) | 19.7% (160) | 28.5% (177) | (p<.0001) |
| • >High School (N) | 76.9% (625) | 63.9% (397) | |
| Marital Status, % (Columns add to 100%) | |||
| • Married/With Partner (N) | 57.0% (463) | 50.9% (318) | χ2 (df=2)=5.9 |
| • Divorced/Separated/Widowed (N) | 26.3% (214) | 28.5% (178) | (p=.0514) |
| • Never Married (N) | 16.7% (136) | 20.6% (129) | |
| Employment, % (Columns add to 100%) | |||
| • Student/Homemaker/Retired/Disabled (N) | 15.8% (128) | 16.2 (101) | χ2 (df=2)=10.4 (p=.0056) |
| • Working for Wages/Self-Employed (N) | 80.2% (651) | 75.8% (474) | |
| • Out of Work (N) | 4.1% (33) | 8.0% (50) | |
| Cigarettes Smoked Per Day, Mean (SD) | 22.0 (9.3) | 20.8 (8.3) | t(df=1437)=2.53 (p=.0116) |
| Years of Smoking, Mean (SD) | 26.5 (11.7) | 25.9 (10.7) | t(df=1436)=0.94 (p=.3459) |
| Pack-Years of Smoking, Mean (SD) | 30.7 (21.5) | 27.8 (18.4) | t(df=1436)=2.72 (p=.0066) |
| Age at First Cigarette, Mean (SD) | 14.5 (3.6) | 14.6 (4.1) | t(df=1437)= −0.49 (p=.6233) |
| Exhaled Carbon Monoxide (parts per million), Mean (SD) | 26.3 (12.6) | 25.2 (12.0) | t(df=1412)=1.75 (p=.0802) |
| FTND1 Score, Mean (SD) | 5.3 (2.2) | 5.5 (2.1) | t(df=1437)= −2.10 (p=.0357) |
| Number of Previous Quit Attempts, Mean (SD) | 6.1 (9.1) | 4.9 (8.9) | t(df=1432)=2.44 (p=.0150) |
| Motivation to Quit Smoking,2 Mean (SD) | 9.0 (1.1) | 9.2 (1.1) | t(df=1437)=2.66 (p=.0079) |
| Likelihood of Success in Quitting Smoking,3 Mean (SD) | 5.7 (1.3) | 5.5 (1.5) | t(df=1437)=2.90 (p=.0037) |
1
FTND=Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence [28];
2
Based on question, “How motivated are you to stop smoking at this time?” rated on 0–10 response scale with 0=”Not at all motivated” and 10=”Extremely motivated”;
3
Based on question, “If you try to quit smoking within the next 30 days, how likely is it that you will be successful?” rated on 0–7 response scale with 0=”Not at all likely” and 7=”Very likely”.