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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 22.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2015 May 22;116(11):1850–1862. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306557

Figure 5. Posttranslational modifications of F-ATP synthase in the normal and failing heart.

Figure 5

Left monomer, the residues involved in PTMs in normal heart are shown, i.e. complete trimethylation of cK43118; oxidation of W12, W53 of subunit d192; phosphorylation of αS184, αS419,194 γY52195 and γS121,196 dS30.193 Right monomer, residues involved in PTMs associated with preconditioning or heart failure are shown, i.e. phosphorylation of βS56, βT57, βT212, βS213197; nitration of d Y114 (numbering according to PDB id 4b2q) and hydroxylation of dK71190. Subunit α is also highlighted, being the target of tyrosine nitration187.