| Space stressors |
Isolation (one animal per cage; 2–4 h or overnight) |
| |
Reduction of space in home cage (6 animals per cage) |
| |
Restraint stress: restrain device made of Plexiglas (1–2 h) |
| Cage alteration |
Empty cage (no sawdust; 4 h) |
| stressors |
Sawdust substituted with 2 cm water (2 h) |
| |
Wet bedding (4 h) |
| |
Dirty cage (4 h) |
| Light–dark stressors |
Overnight light (12 h) |
| |
Inverted light–dark cycle |
| Food/water stressors |
Deprivation of food, water, or both (during dark or light phase; 3–4 h) |
| Other stressors |
Cage tilt (∼30° inclination for 2–3 h) |
| |
Shaking (cage on lab shaker generating 220 shakings per minute; 1–2 h) |
| |
Intermittent water puff (5 min) |
| |
White noise (100 dB; 5–10 min) |
| |
Exposure to older or aggressive intruder (2–4 h) |
