Table 1. Baseline Characteristics and Follow-up Duration.
| Trial (ref#) | Year | Patients, n | Age, mean (SD) | Men, % | DM, % | Prior MI, % | Radial access, % | Follow-up duration | ACT target value, sec | Indication for PCI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bivalirudin plus a bail-out glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor versus heparin plus a bail-out glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor: | ||||||||||
| MATRIX [29] | 2015 | 3,610/3,603 | 65(12)/65(12) | 76/77 | NR | NR | 50/50 | 30-days | NR | STEMI/NSTEMI |
| BRIGHT [30] | 2015 | 735/729 | 57(12)/58(12) | 83/82 | 23/19 | 4.4/4.5 | 78/79 | 30-days | 250–300* | STEMI/NSTEMI |
| NAPLES III [31] | 2015 | 418/419 | 78(4)/78(4) | 50/56 | 45/43 | 42/38 | 0.5/0.5 | In-hospital | 250 | Elective |
| ACRIPAB [32] | 2014 | 50/50 | 68(11)/65(13) | 78/60 | 84/90 | 40/34 | 90/78 | In-hospital | 250 | Elective and some ACS† |
| HEAT-PPCI [33] | 2014 | 905/907 | 63(NR)/64(NR) | 72/73 | 13/15 | 14/10 | 80/82 | 28-days | 200 | STEMI |
| EUROMAX [34] | 2014 | 1,089/460 | 61(NR)/62(NR) | 75/77 | 12/17 | 7/10 | 48/41 | 30-days | None | STEMI |
| Xiang et al. [35] | 2013 | 110/108 | 57(6)/59(5) | 92/89 | NR | 42/42 | 24/27 | 30-days | 225 | Elective |
| SWITCH III [36] | 2012 | 51/49 | 63(12)/62(13) | 73/63 | 14/20 | NR | 69/67 | In-hospital | 200* | Urgent for ACS |
| ARMYDA-7 BIVALVE [37] | 2012 | 198/203 | 70(8)/70(10) | 71/72 | 67/59 | 37/34 | 2/2 | 30-days | NR | Elective‡ |
| ARNO [38] | 2010 | 425/425 | 69(11)/69(11) | 77/75 | 21/22 | 41/38 | 2/2 | 30-days | 250–300* | Elective |
| ISAR-REACT 3 [39] | 2008 | 2,289/2,281 | 67(10)/67(10) | 76/77 | 27/28 | 32/30 | 0/0 | 30-days | None | Elective |
| Bivalirudin plus a routine glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors versus heparin plus a routine glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors: | ||||||||||
| Desphande et al. [40] | 2012 | 49/52 | 55(10)/57(10) | 90/85 | 37/42 | 25/35 | NR | 30-days | 200–250* | Elective§ |
| TENACITY [41] | 2011 | 185/198 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 30-days | 225 | Mainly urgent for ACS |
| ACUITY-PCI [42] | 2007 | 2,609/2,561 | 62(NR)/63(NR) | 74/73 | 27/28 | 30/30 | NR | 30-days | 200–250* | Urgent for ACS |
| REPLACE-1 [43] | 2004 | 532/524 | 64(12)/64(11) | 69/71 | 31/29 | 39/45 | 3/3 | In-hospital | 200–300* | Elective |
* ACT was checked only in the heparin arm
† 32% of patients had non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
‡ Elective in patients with high bleeding risk
§ Elective in patients with high ischemic risk
Data are formatted as bivalirudin arm/ heparin arm
ACS = acute coronary syndrome; ACT = activated clotting time; DM = diabetes mellitus; MI = myocardial infarction; NSTEMI = Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; NR = not reported; PCI = percutaneous coronary intervention; SD = standard deviation; STEMI = ST-elevation myocardial infarction.