TABLE 1.
Maternal and Infant Characteristics
| Characteristic | Adolescent, <20 y | Adult, ≥20 y | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Gravida, mean ± SD | 3.0 ± 2.1 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | <.001 |
| Gravida, n (%) | <.001a | ||
| 1 | 138 (65) | 450 (26) | <.001 |
| 2 | 50 (24) | 407 (24) | .99 |
| 3+ | 23 (11) | 864 (50) | <.001 |
| Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 41 (19) | 341 (20) | .89 |
| Singleton pregnancy, n (%) | 179 (85) | 1323 (77) | .008 |
| Prenatal care (at least 1 visit), n (%) | 200 (95) | 1656 (96) | .31 |
| Cesarean delivery, n (%) | 108 (51) | 1149 (67) | < .001 |
| PPROM (ROM >18 h), n (%) | 46 (22) | 494 (29) | .04 |
| Antenatal steroids, n (%) | 177 (84) | 1544 (90) | .009 |
| PIH/preeclampsia, n (%) | 23 (11) | 400 (23) | < .001 |
| Highest grade completed, n (%) | <.001a | ||
| Less than high school | 122 (58) | 233 (14) | < .001 |
| High school graduate | 48 (23) | 360 (21) | .53 |
| Some college | 14 (7) | 339 (20) | < .001 |
| College graduate | 1 (0) | 327 (19) | < .001 |
| Unknown | 26 (12) | 464 (27) | < .001 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | <.001a | ||
| White | 57 (27) | 629 (37) | .007 |
| African American | 88 (42) | 620 (36) | .10 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 49 (23) | 248 (14) | < .001 |
| Other | 6 (3) | 105 (6) | .06 |
| Unknown | 11 (5) | 121 (7) | .33 |
| Single, n (%) | 156 (74) | 779 (45) | < .001 |
| Infant characteristics | |||
| Male, % | 105 (50) | 820 (48) | .55 |
| Birth weight, g, mean ± SD | 782.4 ± 173.7 | 763.3 ± 151.6 | .09 |
| Gestational age, wk, mean ± SD | 24.9±1.0 | 25.0±1.0 | .35 |
| Postnatal steroids, n (%) | 39 (18) | 328 (19) | .84 |
| Early-onset sepsis (+ blood culture ≤72 h), n (%) | 2 (1) | 41 (2) | .18 |
| Late-onset sepsis (+ blood culture >72 h), n (%) | 76 (36) | 536 (31) | .15 |
| NEC (Bell classification IIA or higher), n (%) | 25 (12) | 167 (10) | .32 |
| IVH (Grade III-IV), n (%) | 40 (19) | 258 (15) | .12 |
| Cystic PVL, n (%) | 10 (5) | 97 (6) | .60 |
| ROP, n (%) | 145 (70) | 1280 (75) | .12 |
| BPD (supplemental oxygen at 36weeks), n (%) | 112 (54) | 954 (56) | .60 |
| Days of ventilation, mean ± SD | 27.9 ± 24.9 | 28.3 ± 25.2 | .83 |
| Days in hospital, mean ± SD | 116.4 ± 50.0 | 116.4 ± 44.7 | .99 |
a
Significance test of overall effect across all categories of variable. BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PIH, pregnancy induced hypertension; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity.