TABLE 5.
Regression Analysis of Biologic and Social Risk Factors on Development and Behavior Outcomes at 18- to 22-Month Follow-up for Infants of Adolescent Mothers Only
| Characteristic | Cognitive Composite <70 | Cognitive Composite <85 | Language Composite <70 | Language Composite <85 | Motor Composite <70 | NDI | BITSEA/P > 75th percentile | BITSEA/C ≤ 15th percentile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) | |
| Biologic factors | ||||||||
| Multiple birth | 0.48 (0.10–2.33) | 1.26 (0.43–3.67) | 0.59 (0.15–2.33) | 0.56 (0.20–1.63) | 0.72 (0.18–2.94) | 0.37 (0.10–1.43) | 0.52 (0.20–1.39) | 0.91 (0.31–2.70) |
| Cesarean delivery | 1.41 (0.52–3.86) | 1.38 (0.62–3.04) | 5.50 (1.98–15.27)* | 0.94 (0.47–1.91) | 0.97 (0.36–2.61) | 1.31 (0.56–3.08) | 0.73 (0.37–1.44) | 0.58 (0.27–1.26) |
| PPROM (ROM > 18 h) | 1.72 (0.58–5.04) | 2.39 (0.98–5.82) | 4.09 (1.32–12.67)* | 1.30 (0.58–2.92) | 2.86 (0.97–8.39) | 1.84 (0.71–4.75) | 0.80 (0.36–1.80) | 1.12 (0.46–2.72) |
| PIH/Preeclampsia | 0.58 (0.10–3.20) | 0.49 (0.12–1.94) | 0.30 (0.06–1.56) | 1.03 (0.34–3.12) | 0.65 (0.11–3.98) | 0.49 (0.11–2.23) | 1.49 (0.51–4.37) | 0.85 (0.24–3.00) |
| Antenatal steroids | 0.83 (0.22–3.22) | 0.42 (0.16–1.09) | 0.26 (0.08–0.81)* | 0.43 (0.17–1.13) | 0.31 (0.10–0.96)* | 0.32 (0.11–0.90)* | 0.34 (0.14–0.86)* | 0.59 (0.23–1.54) |
| Social factors | ||||||||
| Household composition | ||||||||
| Single biologic parent | 0.31 (0.06–1.61) | 0.60 (0.20–1.87) | 0.56 (0.14–2.16) | 0.79 (0.29–2.17) | 0.73 (0.18–3.02) | 0.56 (0.17–1.86) | 1.64 (0.65–4.10) | 0.67 (0.24–1.82) |
| 2-parent household (with biologic parent) | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| Biologic parent in extended family | 0.40 (0.12–1.38) | 0.56 (0.22–1.39) | 0.41 (0.13–1.34) | 0.85 (0.24–1.25) | 0.68 (0.21–2.17) | 0.51 (0.18–1.43) | 1.22 (0.57–2.60) | 0.48 (0.20–1.13) |
| Household without biologic parent | 1.13 (0.33–3.86) | 0.74 (0.23–2.44) | 0.64 (0.16–2.57) | 0.72 (0.24–2.20) | 0.71 (0.18–2.89) | 1.35 (0.43–4.27) | 0.98 (0.34–2.88) | 1.14 (0.37–3.50) |
| Public insurance | 1.26 (0.41–3.84) | 1.27 (0.53–3.03) | 0.71 (0.26–1.99) | 1.12 (0.52–2.44) | 1.16 (0.39–3.44) | 1.26 (0.48–3.30) | 1.03 (0.48–2.18) | 1.94 (0.80–4.71) |
| Nonwhite race | 0.70 (0.24–2.01) | 0.90 (0.37–2.18) | 1.32 (0.43–4.08) | 1.77 (0.79–3.99) | 0.77 (0.27–2.20) | 0.86 (0.34–2.15) | 2.43 (1.13–5.22)* | 1.58 (0.67–3.76) |
| Cared for by babysitter | 0.56 (0.09–3.35) | 1.56 (0.53–4.57) | 0.34 (0.05–2.21) | 1.46 (0.55–3.83) | 1.09 (0.25–4.72) | 1.08 (0.30–3.91) | 1.99 (0.77–5.11) | 1.91 (0.72–5.06) |
| Number of places lived since discharge | ||||||||
| 1 | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| 2 | 1.29 (0.44–3.75) | 0.86 (0.38–1.96) | 0.36 (0.13–1.06) | 0.91 (0.44–1.90) | 0.60 (0.21–1.74) | 1.18 (0.47–2.97) | 0.97 (0.49–1.95) | 1.28 (0.58–2.81) |
| ≥3 | 1.09 (0.27–4.38) | 1.23 (0.45–3.40) | 1.02 (0.31–3.35) | 1.71 (0.67–4.37) | 0.97 (0.29–3.26) | 1.67 (0.54–5.11) | 3.04 (1.19–7.73)* | 1.23 (0.45–3.36) |
| State supervision | 7.27 (1.80–29.41)* | 13.95 (2.84–68.58)* | 8.83 (2.00–38.86)* | 6.21 (1.17–33.02)* | 6.45 (1.58–26.29)* | 4.74 (1.27–17.72)* | 1.55 (0.37–6.51) | 3.37 (0.80–14.18) |
*
significant; PIH, pregnancy induced hypertension; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; REF, reference parameter.