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. 2015 Mar 4;2:15001. doi: 10.1038/mtm.2015.1

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Copyright © 2015 American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

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Histological examination of incomplete recurrences. (i) Hematoxylin and eosin staining: areas of infiltration and necrosis (arrows) amid viable tumor cells in the recurrences (lower plate) on 100 and 200× original magnification. (ii) Immunohistochemical staining of recurrences with EpCAM antibody: higher EpCAM expression in recurrent tumors (lower plate) compared to original Panc-1 tumors (white arrows lower panels and the example of increased EpCAM expression as defined by the deep dark brown/black cells). (iii) Higher apoptotic turnover (TUNEL staining: dark brown arrows) in IRE recurrences (middle plate) compared to original Panc-1 tumors (top plate) and completely ablated tumors (bottom plate). There is a higher EpCAM expressed cancer cells in the recurred tumors compared to the tumor of original Panc-1 cells inoculation by immunohistochemical staining (EpCAM see circles). All these features indicate that the recurrent tumor may be more aggressive than the tumor of original Panc-1 cells inoculation.