Table 2.
Distribution of Maternal Cardiac Arrests (n = 4,843), the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 1998–2011
| Potential Proximate Etiology of Maternal Cardiac Arrest, N (%) |
Cause-specific Cardiac Arrest Frequency per 1,000 Women with Each Condition |
Survival to Hospital Discharge,* N (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 1,349 (27.9) | 0.8 | 739 (55.1) |
| Antepartum hemorrhage | 813 (16.8) | 0.9 | 433 (53.2) |
| Heart failure | 645 (13.3) | 15.6 | 458 (71.1) |
| Amniotic fluid embolism | 645 (13.3) | 252.7 | 337 (52.5) |
| Sepsis | 544 (11.2) | 2.1 | 256 (46.9) |
| Anesthesia complication | 379 (7.8) | 29.5 | 310 (81.9) |
| Aspiration pneumonitis | 346 (7.1) | 20.3 | 287 (82.9) |
| Venous thrombo embolism | 346 (7.1) | 43.9 | 144 (41.5) |
| Eclampsia | 296 (6.1) | 6.2 | 226 (76.5) |
| Puerperal cerebrovascular disorder | 212 (4.4) | 13.6 | 85 (40.0) |
| Trauma | 125 (2.6) | 3.9 | 29 (23.3) |
| Pulmonary edema | 118 (2.4) | 11.2 | 83 (70.9) |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 150 (3.1) | 89.8 | 85 (56.3) |
| Magnesium toxicity | 66 (1.4) | 5.2 | 57 (85.9) |
| Status asthmaticus† | 54 (1.1) | 12.6 | 29 (53.7) |
| Anaphylaxis† | 15 (0.3) | 10.8 | 15 (100) |
| Aortic dissection/rupture† | 14 (0.3) | 31.0 | 0 |
Numbers of arrests from local anesthetic toxicity cannot be reported due to restrictions on reporting small cell sizes.
*
Survival is missing for 0.2% of those with cardiopulmonary arrest.
†
Estimates with a relative standard error (i.e., standard error/weighted estimate) >0.30 may not be reliable.