a. Kinetic scheme to measure the rate of +1FS formation by fMP-tRNAPro/UGG stalled at the P-site of a post-translocation complex on the template AUG-CCC-CGU-U. Sampling was the same as in Fig. 4a. b. Time course of the fractional conversion F from total fMP molecules to fMPV molecules, showing the kinetics of +1FS by the G37- (red), m1G37- (blue), and native-state (black) of tRNAPro/UGG. c. Analysis as in b but in the presence of EF-P (10 μM). d. Kinetic scheme to measure the rate of +1FS formation by fMP-tRNAPro/UGG when a 70SIC was rapidly mixed with ternary complexes of tRNAPro, tRNAVal, and tRNAArg in the presence of EF-G. e. Kinetics of +1FS formation by the G37-state tRNAPro/UGG. f. Kinetics of +1FS formation by the m1G37-state tRNAPro/UGG. The kobs and amplitude of each shift are indicated, each as the average of at least three independent measurements. Error bars denote SD.