Fig. 5.

The MPP⁺-induced pro-apoptotic responses in CATH.a cells were attenuated by LSA. CATH.a cells were cultured with 300 μM MPP⁺ for various time-periods (a) or pretreated with 100 μM LSA for 30 min, and then were cultured with 300 μM MPP⁺ for 8 h (b). After treatments, the indicated proteins were detected by western blotting and the representative images are shown. Lower part of panel (a) and (b) are the relative protein level of GRP-78, caspase 7 (Casp7), caspase 9 (Casp9), cleaved caspase 3 (c-Casp3) and cleaved PARP (c-PARP). The protein level has been normalized with GAPDH. Results are means ± S.D. from three independent experiments. Significant differences between the cells treated with vehicle and MPP⁺ were indicated by *, P < 0.001. Significant differences between the cells treated with 300 μM MPP⁺ alone and 300 μM MPP⁺ combined with LSA were indicated by #, P < 0.001