Origin |
Neuroepithelial cells [1] |
• Radial glia [11, 12] |
Neuroepithelial cells skipping the radial glia stage [13, 14] |
• Dlx2 (distal-less homeobox 2) [3] |
• Local glial progenitors [1] |
Location |
Ventricular zone [1] |
• Subventricular zone |
• Embryonic spinal cord [8] |
• Optic nerve [8] |
• Dorso-lateral subventricular zone |
|
|
• Marginal zone [1, 11, 12] |
|
|
Characteristics |
Multipotential cells [11, 12] |
• Multipotential cells |
Tripotential cells [8] |
• Bipotential cells O-2A, O-2A/OPC [8, 15] |
• Bipotential cells [3] |
|
|
Roles |
• Progenitors for neurons and glial cells |
• Intermediate progenitors for astrocytes and oligodendrocytes [3] |
• Promote neuroprotection |
• Tumor genesis (oligoastrocytomas, multiform glioblastomas) [15] |
• Guidance of neuronal migration [11, 12] |
|
• Reduction of glial scar |
|
|
|
• Formation and axonal growth [8] |
|
Type of resulting astrocytes |
• Star shaped specialised cortical astrocytes |
• Cortical astrocytes |
• Self-renewal |
• Astrocytes type 2 and oligodendrocytes (in vitro) |
|
• White matter astrocytes |
• Astrocytes types 1, 2 and |
|
• Bergmann glia in the cerebellum [3, 16] |
• Oligodendrocytes [3] |
• Oligodendrocytes [8] |
• Oligodendrocytes (in vivo) [8, 15] |