Table 1.

Levels of IL-6 in various CNS conditions.

condition	Compartment	IL-6 levels	Reference
Control levels	CSF	1-23 pg/ml	(Maier et al., 2005)
Controls	CSF+	1.4 pg/ml	(Sasayama et al., 2013)
Schizophrenia	CSF+	1.7 pg/ml
Major depressive disorders	CSF+	1.7 pg/ml
Controls (cerebellum)	Brain*	138 ± 120 pg/μg	(Vargas et al., 2005)
Autism (cerebellum)	Brain*	618 ± 222 pg/μg
Control	Brain*	9201 ± 107 pg/mg	(Li et al., 2009)
Autism spectrum disorders	Brain*	2441 ± 267 pg/mg
Control (median, IQR)	CSFˆ	0.8, 0.6–1.1 pg/ml	(Lindqvist et al., 2013)
Non-demented Parkinson’s disease	CSFˆ	0.7, 0.5–1.1 pg/ml
Parkinson’s disease with dementia	CSFˆ	1.0, 0.7–1.1 pg/ml
Traumatic brain injury(pediatric)	CSF*	332 ± 48 pg/ml	(Chiaretti et al., 2008)
Traumatic brain injury	Brain+	1931 pg/ml	(Hillman et al., 2005)
Traumatic brain injury	CSF+	2349 pg/ml	(Hillman et al., 2005)
Control	CSF*	1.8 ± 0.5 pg/ml	(Peltola et al., 2000)
Tonic-clonic seizures	CSF*	22.0 ± 31.9 pg/ml
Vascular dementia	CSF*	5.67 ± 1.7 pg/ml	(Wada-Isoe et al., 2004)
Alzheimer’s disease	CSF*	2.53 ± 0.87 pg/ml
Neurological disorders	CSF*	3.15 ± 0.67 pg/ml
Control	CSF*	1.9 ± 0.09 pg/ml	(Beridze et al., 2011)
Ischemic stroke	CSF*	58 ± 4.6 pg/ml

^*= mean ± SD;

⁺= median;

^ˆ= median, interquartile range;

^ˆSee also: (Alexander et al., 2007; Garcia-Esparcia et al., 2014; Hirohata and Miyamoto, 1990; Ichiyama et al., 2009; Lehtimaki et al., 2004; Silvestroni et al., 2009; Takahashi et al., 2014; Woodroofe et al., 1991; Wullschleger et al., 2013).