Table 3.

Output of the hierarchical linear models.

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	Parameter	S.E.	Parameter	S.E.	Parameter	S.E.
γ00 = Intercept	7.92***	0.19	7.92***	0.28	9.79***	0.52
γ10 = Coefficient of d	−0.58***	0.03	−0.58***	0.06	−1.02***	0.12
γ01 = Coefficient of u					−0.44***	0.11
γ11 = Coefficient of d:u					0.10***	0.02
AIC	2253.26		2110.40		2098.56
BIC	2270.28		2135.92		2132.59
Deviance	2245.3		2098.4		2082.3
Residual df	516		514		512
Number of level-1 observation	520		520		520
Number of level-2 clusters	52		52		52
τ20 = var(U0i)	0.37		3.33		2.33
τ21 = var(U1i)			0.18		0.13
σ2e = Var(ϵij)	4.12		2.43		2.43

^***p < 0.001; d, dimension; u, individual differences variable; U_0i, random intercept effect; U_1i, random slope effect; ϵ_ij, level-1 residuals.