Table 1.

PKC isoform changes within the brain for aging, stroke, and AD organized by brain region

PKC Isoforms	Brain region	Aging	Stroke	AD
PKCα	Hippocampus Vasculature	↓ Hongpaisan et al. [7]	↑ Ladage et al. [159]	↓ Sozio et al. [160]
PKCβ	Cortex Hippocampus Vasculature	↓ Shelton et al. [161]	↑ Gerschutz et al. [162]	↑ Srivastava et al. [80]
PKCδ	Cortex Hippocampus Vasculature	=Pascale et al. [163]	↓ Bright et al., [164]	=Yi et al. [153]
PKCε	Hippocampus Vasculature	↓ Hongpaisan et al. [7]	↓ Bright et al. [165]	↓ Yi et al. [153]
PKCζ	Cortex Hippocampus Vasculature	↓ Galve-Roperh et al. [166]	↑ Willis et al. [14]	↓ Moore et al. [167]