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. 2015 May 5;7(5):3200–3218. doi: 10.3390/nu7053200

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on the mRNA (A) and protein (B) expression of TRAIL, DR4 and DR5 in human oral squamous carcinoma HSC-3 cells. Fold-ratio: gene expression/GAPDH (β-actin) × control numerical value (control fold ratio: 1); (C), TRAIL mRNA expression folds of control; (D), DR4 mRNA expression folds of control; (E), DR5 mRNA expression folds of control; (F), TRAIL protein expression folds of control; (G), DR4 protein expression folds of control; and (H), DR5 protein expression folds of control. * Mean values are significantly different from control (p < 0.05) and ** mean values are significantly different from control (p < 0.01).