Table 2.
Bone mineral density and urinary measures by diet group (omnivorous, OMN; lacto-ovo vegetarian, LOV; vegan, VEGAN) 1.
| OMN (n = 27) | LOV (n = 27) | VEGAN (n = 28) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone mineral density, g/cm3 | 1.18 ± 0.11 | 1.12 ± 0.10 | 1.13 ± 0.11 | 0.384 |
| T score | 0.71 ± 0.97 | 0.13 ± 0.93 | 0.03 ± 0.85 | 0.286 |
| Z score | 0.77 ± 0.77 | 0.42 ± 0.75 | 0.26 ± 0.86 | 0.337 |
| Urinary calcium, mg/24 h | 155 ± 71 a | 115 ± 64 b | 117 ± 65 b | 0.045 |
| Anion Gap | 12.5 ± 2.6 | 11.9 ± 2.0 | 11.9 ± 2.4 | 0.562 |
| Urinary pH | 6.2 ± 0.4 a | 6.5 ± 0.4 b | 6.7 ± 0.4 b | 0.003 |
| PRAL | 19.6 ± 24.3 a | −1.5 ± 23.9 b | −15.2 ± 40.5 b | 0.001 2 |
1 p for univariate analyses analysis (non-normal data transformed prior to analysis (urinary calcium, anion gap)); all p values adjusted for BMI, age, and gender; means with different superscripts differ significantly p < 0.05. Sample reduced for PRAL due to a missing diet recall (n = 25, 26, and 28 for OMN, LOV and VEGAN respectively). 2 Non parametric Kruskal-Wallis test.