Table 1.
Body weight, food intake, lung and liver wet:dry ratio, cardiac chambers and cardiac mass, kidney mass, blood urea nitrogen, urinary creatinine, blood creatinine, creatinine clearance, protein urinary and lipid hydroperoxides in wild type (WT), α2A/α2CARKO mice placebo (KO) or leucine (KOL), and exercise trained (KOT) or exercise trained and leucine-supplemented (KOLT). Data are presented as mean ± SD. The number of animals studied in each group is shown within parentheses. LV: Left ventricular; RV: Right ventricular. ≠ p < 0.05 vs. WT; # p < 0.05 vs. KO; & p < 0.05 vs. KOL.
| Variable | WT | KO | KOL | KOT | KOLT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (g) | |||||
| Initial | 28.29 ± 1.62 (11) | 27.92 ± 0.82 (9) | 29.31 ± 0.87 (11) | 27.87 ± 1.49 (12) | 28.23 ± 1.25 (12) |
| Final | 30.31 ± 1.81 (11) | 27.52 ± 0.80 (9) ≠ | 27.43 ± 0.88 (11) ≠ | 27.63 ± 1.70 (12) ≠ | 28.24 ± 1.02 (12) ≠ |
| Food intake (g/g * 100) | |||||
| Initial | 8.79 ± 1.46 (8) | 8.47 ± 1.05 (8) | 8.50 ± 0.64 (8) | 8.92 ± 0.51 (8) | 8.86 ± 0.82 (8) |
| Final | 8.74 ± 0.92 (8) | 8.70 ± 0.67 (8) | 8.73 ± 0.81 (8) | 9.22 ± 0.84 (8) | 8.87 ± 0.47 (8) |
| Lung wet:dry ratio | 2.32 ± 1.32 (9) | 7.94 ± 1.82 (9) ≠ | 7.88 ± 2.00 (9) ≠ | 2.82 ± 1.30 (10) #& | 3.23 ± 1.14 (11) #& |
| Liver wet:dry ratio | 1.62 ± 0.24 (9) | 3.37 ± 0.41 (9) ≠ | 3.02 ± 0.70 (9) ≠ | 2.24 ± 0.40 (10) ≠#& | 2.24 ± 0.42 (11) ≠#& |
| RV (mg/mm * 100) | 1.53 ± 0.23 (9) | 1.54 ± 0.31 (9) | 1.40 ± 0.12 (9) | 1.37 ± 0.18 (10) | 1.30 ± 0.28 (11) |
| LV (mg/mm * 100) | 4.97 ± 0.46 (9) | 5.28 ± 0.68 (9) | 5.34 ± 0.56 (9) | 4.98 ± 0.61 (10) | 4.80 ± 1.14 (11) |
| Cardiac mass (mg/mm * 100) | 6.92 ± 0.61 (9) | 7.43 ± 0.85 (9) | 6.71 ± 0.69 (9) | 6.66 ± 1.37 (10) | 6.89 ± 0.56 (11) |
| Kidney mass (mg/mm * 100) | 0.17 ± 0.01 (8) | 0.17 ± 0.01 (8) | 0.18 ± 0.02 (9) | 0.18 ± 0.03 (8) | 0.19 ± 0.03 (8) |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 35.91 ± 1.81 (8) | 40.74 ± 7.49 (8) | 39.54 ± 9.30 (8) | 36.00 ± 7.96 (8) | 36.05 ± 9.28 (8) |
| Urinary creatinine (mg/dL) | 3.98 ± 0.93 (8) | 3.27 ± 0.49 (8) | 3.12 ± 0.51 (8) | 4.44 ± 1.16 (8) #& | 4.52 ± 0.64 (8) #& |
| Blood creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.34 ± 0.06 (8) | 0.38 ± 0.02 (8) | 0.38 ± 0.05 (8) | 0.36 ± 0.04 (8) | 0.37 ± 0.08 (8) |
| Creatinine clearance (μL/min/kg) | 9.71 ± 1.81(8) | 12.27 ± 3.91 (8) | 9.20 ± 2.34 (8) | 18.04 ± 3.93 (8) ≠#& | 17.62 ± 6.55(8) ≠#& |
| Protein urinary (mg/24 h) | 2.68 ± 1.22 (8) | 10.32 ± 2.50 (8) ≠ | 9.06 ± 1.47 (8) ≠ | 6.07 ± 3.43 (8) ≠#& | 5.01 ± 1.67 (8) ≠#& |
| Lipid hydroperoxides (nmol/mg protein) | 224.36 ± 39.20 (7) | 468.49 ± 42.50 (7) ≠ | 472.40 ± 37.56 (7) ≠ | 312.14 ± 36.18 (7) #& | 308.73 ± 33.26 (7) #& |