| Dietary survey methods |
Low to moderate burden |
Difficult to accurately assess the amount of sodium added or lost during cooking and eating |
| Simultaneous measurement of other nutrients and energy |
Inaccurate or incomplete food consumption tables and use of different tables between countries |
| Available in a large population survey |
Reporting and coding errors |
| Variable content in manufactured or processed foods |
| High intra-observer and inter-observer variability |
| Variable food culture |
| 24-hour urine collection method |
Enables comparison with other countries |
High burden |
| Independent of cooking and eating habits, and food culture |
Dependency on the season and weather |
| Low intra-observer and inter-observer variability |
Incomplete collection |
| Low inter-survey variability |
Dependency on the physical condition or renal function |
| Spot urine method |
Easy |
Dependency on the time of collection |
| Convenient |
Inaccuracy of the calculation formula |
| Can be used easily in daily clinical practice and mass survey |
|
